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September 25                                             Native American Day

1775  Ethan Allen was captured by the British.

1789  The first Congress adopted 12 amendments to the Constitution and sent them to the states for ratification.  The first ten became the Bill of Rights.

1890  Wilford Woodruff, President of the Mormon Church, renounced the practice of polygamy.  This paved the way for Utah's acceptance of as a state in 1896.

1957  Nine black teenagers, now known as The Little Rock Nine, challenged racial segregation by attending the all white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.  The nine children were escorted under heavily armed guard, because of racial violence.

1981  Sandra Day O'Connor was sworn in as the first female Justice on the Supreme Court.

2003  It was reported that more than 14,000 had lost their lives in France in a summer heat wave.

September 27                                  Yom Kippur (Begins at Sundown)

1540  Pope Paul III approved the charter for the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), founded by St. Ignatius Loyola.

1939  Warsaw, Poland, was surrendered to the Nazis after weeks of resistance.

1959  Typhoon Vera battered the Japanese island of Honshu, killing almost 5,000 people.

1969  The Warren Commission Report concluded that there was no conspiracy in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone.

1998  Mark McGuire hit his record setting 69th and 70th home runs in the last game of the regular season.

September 29

1399  King Richard II became the first English monarch to abdicate his throne.

1829  Sir Robert Peel's police force, the "bobbies", began operations at Scotland Yard.

1895  French chemist Louis Pasteur died.

1978  John Paul I died one month after becoming pope.

1982  Seven people died after taking Extra Strength Tylenol capsules laced with cyanide.  This led to the use of safety seals on most consumer products.

1988  The space shuttle Discovery was launched, the first American staffed space flight since the Challenger disaster.

2001  Former South Vietnam President Nguyen Van Thieu died.

October 1

1800  Spain ceded Louisiana to France in the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso.

1908  Henry Ford introduced the first mass produced automobile on the market -- the Model T car to the market.  Each car cost $825 dollars.

1936  General Francisco Franco became head of the insurgent Spanish government.

1961  Roger Maris of the New York Yankees hit his 61st home run of the season, breaking Babe Ruth's record of 60 in 1927.

1971  Walt Disney World opened in Orlando, Florida.

October 3                                               Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles 5770)

1226  St. Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan order, died.

1863  President Lincoln declared the last Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day.

1922  Rebecca L. Felton became the first woman U.S. Senator when she was appointed to serve out the term of Senator Thomas E. Watson.

1929  The Kingdom of Serbs, Serbs, and Slovenes formally changed its name to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

1955  Captain Kangaroo and The Mickey Mouse Club premiered on television.

1974  Frank Robinson was named the first African-American manager in major league baseball.

1990  East Germany and West Germany united to become German, 45 years after being split into two countries at the end of World War II.

October 5                                      Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles 5770)

1703  Johnathan Edwards was born.

1877  Chief Joseph surrendered to the U.S. Army.

1910  King Manuel II was overthrown in a revolution and Portugal became a republic.

1921  The World Series was broadcast on the radio for the first time.

1947  In the first televised White House address, President Truman urged Americans to refrain from eating meat on Tuesdays and poultry on Sundays to help starving people in other countries.

1953  Earl Warren was sworn in as the 14th Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1962  The Beatles released their first hit, "Love Me Do", in Britain.

1990  Cincinatti's Contemporary Arts Center and its director were acquitted of obscenity charges resulting from an exhibit of Robert Magglethorpe's photographs.

2001  Barry Bonds broke Mark McGuire's record of 71 home runs in one season when he hit his 71st and 72nd homers.

October 7                                              Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles 5770)

1765  The Stamp Act Congress convened in New York to draw up colonial grievances against England.

1849  Poet, writer, Edgar Allan Poe died at age 40.

1949  The Republic of East Germany was formed.

1968  The Motion Picture Association of America adopted it's film rating system, rating from "G" for general audiences to "X" for adults only.

1985  The Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro was hijacked by Palestinian gunmen in the Mediterranean.

1998  Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, was beaten, robbed, and left tied to a fence.  He died 5 days later.

2001  U.S. and British forces launched a bombing campaign against Taliban government and al-Qaeda terrorist camps in Afghanistan.

2003  California Governor Gray Davis was recalled and former body builder Arnold Schwarzenegger was elected in his place.

October 9                                      Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles 5770)  ends at sundown

1635  Religious dissident and Rhode Island founder, Roger Williams, was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

1888  For the first time, the public was admitted to the Washington Monument.

1890  Aimee Semple McPherson was born.

1930  Aviator Laura Ingalls became the first woman to make a solo transcontinental flight across the United States.

1967  Che Gueverra was executed in Bolivia.

1975  Soviet scientist Andrei Sakharov was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end the nuclear arms race.

October 11                                           National Children's Day

1779  Polish patriot and American Revolutionary War Commander Casimir Pulaski was killed in the Battle of Savannah.

1889  The Boer War began in South Africa.

1915  English nurse Edith Cavell was executed by the Germans.

1939  A letter from Albert Einstein was delivered from President Franklin D. Roosevelt concerning the possibility of atomic weapons.

1962  The first session of Vatican II was convened by Pope John Paul XXIII.

1968  The first staffed Apollo mission, Apollo 7, was launched with astronauts Wally Shirra, Donn Fulton Eisele, and R. Walter Cunningham aboard.

1984  Space shuttle Challenger astronaut, Kathryn Sullivan, became the first American woman to walk in space.

October 13

1775  The Continental Congress authorized the construction of a naval fleet.

1792  The cornerstone of the White House was laid.

1843  The Jewish organization B'nai B'rith was founded.

1903  Boston defeated Pittsburgh in the first World Series.

1943  Italy declared war on Germany, ifs former Axis partner, during World War II.

1974  Ed Sullivan died in New York City at age 72.

1981  Egypt's Vice President Hosni Mubarak, was elected President, one week after Anwar Sadat's assassination.

October 15

1860  Eleven year old Grace Bedell of Westfield, NY, wrote a letter to Presidential candidate Abraham Lincoln, suggesting he could improve his appearance by growing a beard.

1914  With the support of President Wilson, the Clayton Anitrust Act, made it illegal for companies to buy competitor's stock, was passed.

1917  Mata Hari, World War I spy, was executed by a firing squad in Vincennes, France.

1949  Billy Graham began his ministry .

1951  I Love Lucy, starring Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz, had its television debut.

1964  It was announced that Nikita Krushchev was removed from his positions as Premier and and Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR.

1966  The U.S. Department of Transportation was created.

1989  Wayne Gretsky topped Gordy Howe's NHL scoring record.

1991  Clarence Thomas got a narrow (52-48) Senate confirmation of his nomination to the Supreme Court.

1993  Nelson Mandela and F.W. deClerk were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work to end apartheid in South Africa.

2003  China became the third country to launch a staffed space mission.

October 17                                                 Sweetest Day

1777  British General Burgoyne surrendered in Saratoga, NY, during the American Revolution.

1931  Mobster Al Capone was convicted of income tax evasion for which he was sentenced for 11 years in prison.

1933  Albert Einstein arrived in the United States as a refugee from Nazi Germany.

1979  Mother Theresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her work with the poor in in Calcutta, India.

1989  An earthquake measuring 7.1 in magnitude killed 67  and injured over 3,000 in San Francisco.

October 19

1781  British General Cornwallis surrendered to General George Washington at Yorktown, VA, bringing an end to the last major battle of the American Revolution.

1812  French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte began their retreat from Moscow.

1960  The United States imposed a partial embargo on goods exported to Cuba.

1983  The Senate passed a bill (178-22) making Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday a public holiday.

1987  The stock market crashed on what became known as "Black Monday".  Stocks dropped a record of 508 points or 22.6 per cent, topping the drops on October 28 and 29 in 1929 that ushered in The Great Depression.

October 21

1797  The Navy frigate, USS Constitution, known as "Old Ironsides", was launched in Boston Harbor.

1805  Admiral Horatio Nelson died in the Battle of Trafalgar.

1837  Seminole Chief Osceola was captured as he carried a white flag of truce during the Second Seminole War.

1879  Thomas Edison invented a workable incandescent lamp.

1959  The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum of modern and contemporary art, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, opened to the public in New York City.

October 23

1915  Twenty-five thousand women marched in New York City, demanding the right to vote.

1946  The United Nations General Assembly convened in New York for the first time.

1973  President Richard Nixon agreed to turn White House tape recordings requested by the Watergate Special Prosecutor over to John J. Sirica.

1983  A suicide-truck bombing at Beirut International Airport in Lebanon killed 241 U.S. Marines and sailors.

2002  Chechen rebels seized a crowded Moscow theater, taking hundreds hostage.  Russian forces stormed the building the next day.

2003  Madame Chiang Kai-Shek died at age 105.